This course examines the role that the concept of human intelligence and the instruments invented to measure “intelligence” -- standardized tests -- play in legal disputes. Topics to be covered include: the historical and theoretical underpinnings of the prominent role that standardized tests play in the allocation of opportunities and resources in American society, early and contemporary debates over the value and propriety of particular uses of standardized tests in educational and employment selection and evaluation, competing explanations for as well as legal and social significance of gender, racial and socio-economic group differences in standardized test scores and the extent to which the law permits or restricts the reliance on standardized testing in particular contexts.